CPL310 10/1/2004 Test on Monday (damn!) Back to Galileo Scene 11 (12 in mine) -- new pope being robed -- as cardinal he had one set of views but as pope his responsibilities change his mind about what he can allow -- the Inquisitor says that scientists' findings come from doubt; he says these men doubt everything -- he asks if society can stand on doubt and not on faith -- in Inherit the Wind Brady says we must not abandon faith (his opponent said we must abandon our faith in the pleasant poetry of Genesis) -- shuffling feet as uncertainty of the time; the pope is annoyed by the shuffling (but really by having to deal with all this) -- they decide not to torture Galileo but to show him the instruments; that should be enough since he likes comfort too much -- Galileo's hopes are dashed Scene 12 (13) -- daughter hopes Galileo will recant -- Andrea hopes he won't, thinking he'll die before he'll recant -- silence indicated as stage direction breaks things up -- Virginia's prayers get louder as the hopes of Andrea and the little monk rise as well -- Andrea and Federzoni think he hasn't recanted and Federzoni proclaims the dawn of the Age of Reason [Brecht had believed in the new age of communism, in the 1920s; Brecht later was stuck in East Germany, realizing this is where his bread was buttered but that things weren't as he'd hoped] -- they find out Galileo has recanted or capitulated -- Andrea: Unhappy the land that has no heroes -- Galileo: Unhappy the land that needs a hero (if you have a just society to begin with you don't need anything extraordinary) Scene 13 (14) -- Galileo is living as a prisoner in Florence and is visited by Andrea -- not one paper expounding a new thesis has been issued in Italy since your recanting -- Andrea is going to Holland in order to work -- Galileo gives him a manuscript that he's been working on -- he warns him to be careful when he goes through Germany (a reference to the Third Reich) -- last part of Scene 13 (14) -- read this carefully -- Galileo puts himself on trial in the name of all science -- purpose of science is to ease human existence; should you then discover all there is to be discovered, your progress [a buzz word] ... That your discovery would be met with a universal cry of horror (say someone discovered the atom bomb or cloned a man) If I had resisted, the sciences could hae developed something like the Hippocratic Oath of medicine, a pledge to use your knowledge only for the good of mankind. As it is, the highest one can ever hope for is a race of invetnive dwarfs who can be rented for antyhing. (this wasn't in the class edition but is in mine on page 109, a later veresion) Galileo says that he had power and wouldn't have died; he relinguished it to the authorities and they used it for bad. [the end of the Oppenheimer play is very similar; Oppenheimer had been in charge of developing the atomic bomb in Los Alamos and was a national hero; because of his previous communist association and of his reluctance to push ahead research on his hydrogen bomb, he had to go throgh a hearing to renew his security clearance; at the end of the play he says he wouldn't take it if they gave it to him, since what he'd done turning over the bomb to the government was wrong] Last scene -- Andrea has the truth and he's being checked by the border officials -- they don't want to see politics or X -- he says the papers just contain figures and is allowed to pass -- the children nearby are talking about a woman they think is a witch -- Andrea admonishes them to check it out scientifically and not just to gossip Test outline -- authors an titles -- main themes of course -- main themes of each work -- cross references to themes of course and to other works (e.g. Faust was an example of Scientific Man; who in other works were also examples?) 1) Faust 2) Woyzeck 3) Frankenstein 4) An Enemy of the People 5) Galileo 6) Knowledge or certainty (from Ascent of Man) [this is online] -- short answer: IDs, fill-ins, 1-2 sentences -- essay questions, mostly short Knowledge or Certainty Chapter in Ascent of Man -- 30 years old but still effective -- we're seeing a video based on this -- first part deals with question of perception and knowledge; Polish man whose face is being studied by a bunch of instruments; thesis: artist and scientist have different methods but they're not ultimate methods; there is no absolute knowledge; quantum physics also says there is no absolute knowledge; science can always come along and challenge what we know -- absolute power and knowledge lead us to do things such as concentration camps -- he talks about G?ttingen, where quantum physics first came alive -- he talks about Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, which he says should be called tolerance; nothing can be described with certainty or zero tolerance; Heisenberg says we must specify to what degree of tolerance we know something -- he talks about Gaust and the Gaust curve of mapping star positions -- Leo Szilard discovered the principle of physics that implied the atom could be split; he hid the knowledge from the world until after World War II, fearing Hitler would use his knowledge to ill ends; he and Eistein later appealed to Roosevelt to not use the bomb but failed since Roosevelt died -- end of the video is at the concentration camp at Auschwitz; he talks about how many of his relativevs died there; it was the result not of science but of a monstrous certainty on the part of the National Socialists -- jacob rinowski is the narrator of this video</plaintext><br /></body></html>